{"product_id":"report-on-unorganised-sector-book-cd","title":"Report on Unorganised Sector  (Book + CD)","description":"\u003cp\u003eAuthor: Arjun Sengupta\u003cbr\u003eSeveral Contributors\/\u003cbr\u003eContributor(s)\/Artis: K P Kannan\/R S Srivastava\/V K Malhotra\/ et al\u003cbr\u003ePublisher: Academic Foundation\u003cbr\u003eYear: 2008\u003cbr\u003eLanguage: English\u003cbr\u003ePages: 376\u003cbr\u003eISBN\/UPC (if available): 9788171886787\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e Description\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis Report is focused on the informal or the unorganised sector of the economy, which accounts for an overwhelming proportion of the poor and vulnerable population in an otherwise shining India. It concentrates on a detailed analysis of the conditions of work and lives of the unorganised workers consisting of about 92 per cent of the total workforce of about 457 million.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOne of the major highlights of this Report is the quantification of unorganised or informal workers, defined as those who do not have employment security, work security and social security. These workers are engaged not only in the unorganised sector but in the organised sector as well. The picture that the Report presents is based on the latest available set of data from the Sixty-first Round of the National Sample Survey in 2004-05. This has been supplemented with data from other sources.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIn the Report, the Commission notes that the situation calls for immediate steps to ensure minimum conditions of work for the unorganised workers as well as measures for their livelihood promotion. The Commission has, therefore, proposed two comprehensive Bills for unorganised agricultural and non-agricultural workers. It has, further, proposed a number of measures to improve the livelihood of unorganised sector workers.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOn the basis of its detailed assessment, the Commission has recommended a 13 Point Action Programme. The Commission believes that these measures are within the administrative and fiscal capacity of the Government, and if implemented within a short period of time, will have a significant impact on the lives of the working poor.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis publication also includes a CD-ROM comprising three earlier reports of the commission for Unorganised Sector, namely :   \u003cbr\u003e 1. Social Security for Unorganised Workers .   \u003cbr\u003e 2. National Policy on Urban Street Vendors .   \u003cbr\u003e  3. Comprehensive Legislation for Minimum Conditions of Work and Social Security for the Unorganised Workers .\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFROM THE PREFACE\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe constitution of this National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganised Sector in September 20, 2004, was one of the first steps taken by the UPA Government, in pursuance of its Common Minimum Programme that committed itself “to ensure the welfare and well-being of all workers, particularly those in the unorganized sector who constitute 93 percent of our workforce”. Although the Indian economy experienced a reasonably high growth rate till then, this was not seen as inclusive enough by the majority of the population. The policies pursued by the new Government made “inclusive growth” as its central plank.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIt is in this background that the Commission has examined the conditions of work as well as livelihood issues of the unorganized workers, who form the overwhelming proportion of all the Indian workforce. The picture that it has presented is based on the latest available set of data from the Sixty-first Round of the National Sample Survey in 2004-05. This has been supplemented with data from other sources such as the Special Survey of Farmers carried out by the NSS in 2003.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOne of the major, highlights of this Report is the existence and qualification of unorganized or informal workers, defined as those who do not have employed security, work security and social security. These workers are engaged not only in the organized sector but in the organized sector as well. This universe of informal workers now constitutes 92 percent of the total workforce. We have also highlighted, based on an empirical measurement, the high congruence between this segment of the workforce and 77 percent of the population with a per capita daily consumption of up to Rs. 20  (in 2004-05) whom we have called “Poor and Vulnerable” . The number of persons belonging to this group increased from 811 million in 1999-00 to 836 million in 2004-05.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOn the employment front, the low rate of growth during 1993-94 and 1999-00 gave way to a higher growth rate of employment during 1999-00 to 2004-05. But the additional employment created during this period was entirely informal, whether in the unorganized or organized sector.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Commission has carried out a detailed analysis of the various dimensions of the challenge confronting the informal or unorganized workers. They work as so called self employed or wage workers, sometimes located in their homes but mostly outside. Some are lucky to have some kind of regular work but majority of wage workers are employed on a casual basis. Most get wages that are too low to enable them to come out of their poverty, not to speak of overcoming their vulnerability. Discrimination is the norm when it comes to women, children, bonded or migrant workers. Such positions of disadvantage are often reinforced by one’s social identity, rural location and, above all, low or no education.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe situation calls for immediate steps to ensure minimum conditions of work for the unorganized workers as well as measures for livelihood promotion. The Commission has, therefore, proposed two comprehensive Bills for unorganized agricultural and non-agricultural workers to ensure minimum conditions of work as well as a minimum level of social security. It has, further, proposed a number of measures to improve the livelihood of unorganized sector workers.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Commission is aware that there have been concerted efforts by the Government during the last three years to address some of the constraints and problems faced by the poor households in general and workers in the unorganized sector in particular. The enactment of National Rural Employment Guarantee for rural households is, in our view, a historic move.  The launching of the National Rural Health Mission is another important milestone. The schemes and projects under the Bharat Nirman address some of the critical constraints in infrastructure faced by rural India and, by implication, the poorer segments of the population whose livelihood opportunities are, by and large, in the unorganized sectors of the economy. The latest decision to strengthen the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan to address the problems in school education and to increase the allocation to the educational sector is a much needed foundational initiative.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFormidable social and administrative challenges do exist in ensuring the effective implementation of these initiatives. There is also the scope for adopting a new agenda strengthening existing initiatives as well as taking new initiatives which will give a sharper focus on the poor and vulnerable who constitute the majority of the informal or unorganized workers.\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOn the basis of its detailed assessment, the Commission has recommended a 13 Point Action Programme that will, in our view, not only provide a minimum standard for conditions of work and social security but also provide a modicum of livelihood opportunities to the 92 percent of the unorganized workers in this country. We believe that these measures are within the administrative and fiscal capacity of the Government, and if implemented within a short period of time, will have a significant impact on the lives of the working poor.\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe journey is long and hard. But we are confident that the inherent dynamism of India’s democracy will be able to negotiate it successfully, building on the ongoing reform process and the high rate of economic growth.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eContents\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface \u003cbr\u003eAcknowledgements\u003cbr\u003e   \u003cbr\u003e        \u003cbr\u003e    \u003cbr\u003e I.\u003cbr\u003e Introduction\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e India's Informal Economy \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConstitution of a National Commission for the Unorganised Sector \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConceptualising the Unorganised Economy: Sector Vs Workers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSize and Relationships \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHomeworkers as a Distinct Cataegory \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePoverty, Vulnerability and Informal Work Status: the High Congruence \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eRationale for a Social Floor \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAn Agenda for Livelihood Promotion \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Need for Ensuring Minimum Conditions of Work \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eRole of the State and Other Institutions \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eProcedure Followed in the Preparation of the Report \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFramework of the Report\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e   \u003cbr\u003e2.\u003cbr\u003e Unorganised Non-agricultural Workers: Socio-economic Profile\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Introduction \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePhysical and Human Capital \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLabour Market Entry \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIncidence of Poverty \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConclusion\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e   \u003cbr\u003e3.\u003cbr\u003e Wage Workers in Non-agricultural Sector \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Introduction \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eProfile of Wage Workers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePhysical Conditions at Work Place \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOccupational Hazards, Health Conditions and Safety Measures \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHours of Work, Duration of Work Day and Weekly Holidays \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eEmployment Contracts \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWages and Earnings of Workers in the Unorganised Sector \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConclusion\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e   \u003cbr\u003e4.\u003cbr\u003e Self-employed Workers in Non-agriculture \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Introduction \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTwo Types of Enterprises \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOwn Account Enterprises\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConstraints faced by Own Account Enterprises \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSelf employed in Establishments with Hired Workers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConstraints faced by Establishments \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHomeworkers as a Special Category \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConditions of Work of Self-employed Workers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTextile Industry: Case of Handloom Sector \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Food Processing Industry \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePetty Trade in India: Street Vendors\/ Hawkers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNon-Mechanized Land Transport: Rickshaw Pullers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConditions of Work and Constraints of Homeworkers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConclusion\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e   \u003cbr\u003e5.\u003cbr\u003e Women Workers in Non-agriculture \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Introduction \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConceptualizing Women's Work \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNature of Work Participation of Women \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConditions of Women's Work \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNumber of Women Workers in Non-agriculture \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCasual and Regular Women Workers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWomen Self-employed Workers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConditions of Homeworkers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eGirl Child Workers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConclusion\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e   \u003cbr\u003e6.\u003cbr\u003e Other Disadvantaged Workers: Migrants, Child and Bonded Labourers \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e Introduction \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMigrant Labour \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eChild Labour \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBonded Labour \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConclusion\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e   \u003cbr\u003e7. Agricultural Workers: Socio-economic Profile  \u003cbr\u003e  Introduction \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSize and Nature of Agricultural Workforce in India \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSocio-Economic Profile of Agricultural Labourers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSocio-economic Profile of Farmers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConclusion\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cbr\u003e8. Agricultural Labourers  \u003cbr\u003e  Introduction \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWage Levels \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePattern of Employment \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eUnemployment and Underemployment \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eHealth and Occupational Hazards\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSeasonal Migration \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eForced\/Bonded Labour \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eChild Labour \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eGender Dimension of Agricultural Work \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eSocial Security\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConclusion\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cbr\u003e9. Working Conditions of Farmers  \u003cbr\u003e Introduction \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCredit and Indebtedness \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eIrrigation and Input Use \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Tenancy Issue \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOther Constraints \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConclusion\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cbr\u003e10. International Experience of Regulation of Minimum Conditions of Work  \u003cbr\u003e Introduction \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eUnited Nations Framework of Rights \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe ILO Framework \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eInternational experience in adhering to Minimum Conditions of Work \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eGlobalisation and 'New' Regulatory Environment \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConclusion\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cbr\u003e11. Regulations of Conditions of Unorganised Workers in India  \u003cbr\u003e Introduction \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThe Constitutional Framework \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eRatification of International Conventions \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLegal Regulation of Conditions of Work \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCentral Laws for Unorganised Sector Workers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLaws Which Apply to All Sections of Unorganised Sector \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLaws Which Apply to some Sections of the Unorganised Sector Labour \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLaws, Extendable to the Unorganised Sector \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eLaws Relating to Agricultural Workers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eState Laws \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eOrganisational Structure for Implementation of Labour Laws \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eExperience of Implementation of Laws for the Unorganised Sector \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConstraints on Effective Implementation \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eScope for Self-Certification \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eVoluntary Codes of Conduct for Minimum Conditions of Work \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConclusion\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cbr\u003e12. Towards Protection and Promotion of Livelihoods of Unorganised Workers  \u003cbr\u003e Introduction \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eCreating the Foundations of Decent Work \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDealing with the Negatives: Impact of Certain Laws and Regulation on Livelihoods\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePromotional Policies for Non-agricultural Unorganised Sector \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePolicy Initiatives, Programmes and Schemes for Agricultural Workers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003ePromotional Measures for Expansion of Employment \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eInstitutional Support for Protection and Promotion of Livelihoods \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConclusion\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cbr\u003e13. Recommendations on Legislative Protection for Minimum Conditions of Work and Comprehensive Legislation  \u003cbr\u003e Introduction \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA Review of the Principal Recommendations of the Earlier Commissions \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eComprehensive Legislation: Earlier Views\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eComprehensive Legislations for Agricultural and Non-agricultural Workers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eNeed for Separate Bills \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMain Recommendations Relating to Conditions of Work \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eConclusion\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e  \u003cbr\u003e14 An Action Programme for the Unorganised Sector  \u003cbr\u003e Introduction \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eA. Protective Measures for Unorganised Workers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eB. A Package of Measures for the Marginal and Small farmers \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eC. Measures to Improve Growth of the Non-agricultural Sector \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eD. Measures to Expand Employment and Improve Employability\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e References \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAbbreviations and Acronyms \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAppendix Tables \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAnnexures\u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e \u003cbr\u003e--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"The India Club","offers":[{"title":"Arjun Sengupta \/ Academic Foundation \/ Paperback","offer_id":68153561809264,"sku":"24151","price":83.15,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/1041\/5203\/9792\/files\/24151.jpg?v=1793911160","url":"https:\/\/marketcalvexa.shop\/products\/report-on-unorganised-sector-book-cd","provider":"Alderstone House","version":"1.0","type":"link"}